Sunday, December 19, 2010

To: Methodology of medical scientific research saves all take an examination ofing to training class student the first part


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Review a problem (referenced answer)

1, the major that combines oneself, narrate the basic measure of medical scientific research

Medical scientific research divides composition by 5: Scientific research selection of subject, scientific research design, executive method, statistical analysis and summary are Baconian.

(1) the title that the selection of subject of scientific research of medical of scientific research selection of subject wants to explore certainly namely the start that it is scientific research, also be the decisive issue of success or failure of relation scientific research and achievement size. Combine the individual‘s major, the condition that I think selection of subject should have is: Train of thought wants new, should be good at be being searched in disease phenomenon or daedal contradiction cut newly dot and breach, scientific research train of thought wants develop a new style or a new method of one‘s own, make the person finds everything new and fresh; Plan is feasible, technical course is novel, concise, the method is advanced. The basic course of scientific research selection of subject is: Original idea or put forward problem → document to evaluate → to form → project approving suppose.

(2) the design that design of scientific research of medical of scientific research design is specific to medical scientific research content and method and scheduling, it is the creed of process of whole medical scientific research. Combine the individual‘s major, the innovation sex that I think the stand or fall that medical scientific research designs affects scientific research directly not only, advanced sex, scientific sex and feasibility, and the problem such as the expenditure of the rate that decided the task that finish and funds. Scientific research design basically includes professional design and statistical design, former it is to apply professional theory and professional knowledge technology to undertake designing, latter is to apply mathematical statistics theory and method to undertake designing.

(3) executive method differs according to the property that studies a target and experimental site, executive method of medical scientific research can be divided for investigation, experiment and observation 3 kinds big, in the major that my individual is engaged in, 3 kinds of methods all are involved somewhat, coequal and important. Scientific research method carries out level, also be the data collects level, among them of primitive data saving is crucial.

(4) statistical analysis works actually in experience deeply: Below most circumstance, the result of the experiment in medical scientific research or observation is the accidental phenomenon that inaccuracy decides, must undertake repetition observation. This uses statistical method with respect to need, include statistical description and statistic to conclude. In real work, should do well medical research, we should have substantial professional knowledge not only as investigator, still need to have epidemiology and medical science statistical wait for knowledge.

(5) summing up Baconian summary to induce is the last measure in medical scientific research, analyse a result according to studying fact and statistic namely, apply integrated, Baconian, analysis and deduce wait for a method, rise perceptual knowledge to reach thereby for rational knowledge scientific conclusion. In our specific major, sum up Baconian basic form to compose paper and task appraisal sum up two kinds. The experience in professional job practice arrives, it is important at 2 o‘clock to have in Baconian summary: The first, inference should is based on already some research data, want esteem to study evidence and objective axiom already, not a powerful and unconstrained style, without foundation is concoctive, want again liberal at traditional idea, dare to suspect, get rid of the stale and bring forth the fresh; The 2nd, take the inherent characteristic that studies a target seriously, can roll out the overall feature that this scientific research designs only namely, must not easily extension concludes.

Above is the basic measure of medical scientific research, each measure with meticulous care, be linked together cheek by jowl. Combine the individual‘s major, I think among them scientific research selection of subject and scientific research design are two crucial step, decide an originality Xin Rui, design careful, index is reasonable, scientific the gender is strong practical course plan is assure what obtain new and high positive result at all.

2, the relation between the principle of selection of subject that summarizes medical scientific research and them

Scientific research selection of subject is the start that studies the work scientificly, the half that science, accurate selection of subject is success of scientific research job, need follows the basic principle of the selection of subject such as sex of innovation sex, scientific sex, feasibility, benefit, need sex.

Innovation sex principle is to show selection of subject wants to have the new idea, real knowledge and deep insight that should have oneself and initiate a gender, prevent duplicate, trail after others. Innovation is the soul of medical scientific research, it is the place establishing a point that whole scientific research works.

Scientific sex principle is to show selection of subject wants rational to have according to, it is a basis with fact or scientific theory, blindness and the subjective and optional sex of strictly avoid selection of subject, false sex. Scientific sex includes the implication of tripartite face: It is to must have factual basis or scientific academic base, 2 it is to must accord with objective law, 3 it is to must accord with science.

Feasibility principle is to show selection of subject must be built go up in really feasible foundation, notice chooses task to answer with oneself advocate external condition photograph suits, cannot stand aloof reality bears ability.

Benefit sex principle is the social benefit that shows selection of subject wants to notice a task and benefit. Want to choose short, smooth, fast task already, want to take the task that has beneficial result of long-term sense and economy, society, zoology seriously again.

Needing sexual principle is to point to scientific research job to should set out from the national condition of our country, the task that chooses those countries or society to be badly in need of is engaged in considering.  

Each afore-mentioned principles have distinction to have connection again already, need sex principle provided the way of scientific research, the society that benefit sex principle reflected scientific research is manipulative, creativity principle reflected scientific essential feature, scientific sex principle reflected the basis that studies scientificly, feasibility principle reflected the bare spirit of scientific research. Place of true selection of subject must abide by an any teachers in these principles, satisfy the selection of subject of these basic principles at the same time, just be the first-rate, most hopeful the selection of subject that scores a success.


3, try the common method that narrates selection of subject of medical scientific research

Selection of subject of medical scientific research is complex and abound creativity is omnibus the job, it involves wide, requirement tall, the attention uses method of appropriate selection of subject, can reduce invalid labor, improve quality of selection of subject. Common method has the following kinds:

(1)From the selection of subject in project guideline

(2)From the selection of subject in medical practice

(3)The forward position that expands to course goes selection of subject

(4)From learning the controversy is chosen problem

(5)From the selection of subject in document

(6)Limits of selection of subject expands in already studying a task

(7)From the brim area selection of subject of course across

(8)Good luck selection of subject

Anyhow, the method of scientific research selection of subject is very much, everybody is OK the particular case according to oneself, include what to learn interest of professional, interest and specialty, use method of appropriate selection of subject.

4, the basic course that asks illustrate to establish a problem includes which a few fields

The project approving of selection of subject of medical scientific research needs to investigator brews repeatedly and accept or reject ceaselessly, need to experience commonly from raise a question, consult document, build false respecting to define program the basic course of a such successive.

(1) the logistic start that scientific question is scientific research. Raising a question is the start of scientific research activity, often be to be on the theory of place control and practice base, classics is discreet what after thinking, form, it is the scintilla of the thought.

(2) consult document, gathering information is the important segment that undertakes selection of subject, and perforative the whole process that studies at the task.

(3) building hypothesis is to be research work to offer theoretical model, was to consulting on the foundation of many and relevant scientific document, summary and the job that draw lessons from other to study working experience combines him are carried out, build working hypothesis to study the work in order to coach in the light of the question that he raises begin. Labour cheat says even if get the new question that raises inside the country in the light of the some on science, give out to reconcile without the result that confirm commentate, have a holiday to decide the characteristic of gender and scientific sex.

(4) the key that studies plan is to make investigator achieves scientific goal certainly one pace. Investigator must choose the working hypothesis that scientific and reasonable proof method will come to confirm the holiday that has built is qualitative, scientific design studies plan is the specific executive measure that provides this kind of means and scheduling. It includes two respects content, it is professional design, 2 it is statistical design.

(5) establishing a task is to doing good above after 4 paces work, investigator undertakes the narration on comprehensive language character to the selection of subject of scientific research, draw up selection of subject reports, make selection of subject is mixed more correctly perfect. Discuss through the collective that reports to selection of subject, can make already the maturity that some scientific research conceive gets examining, receive the precious opinion of expert of person of the same trade and proposal.

Anyhow, scientific research selection of subject is the order that follows selection of subject according to the principle of selection of subject, the specific science of affirmatory research asks the whole process of the problem.


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